HUMAN RIGHTS IMPLICATIONS OF TARGETED SANCTIONS

The Collective Security order evolved alongside History, towards a system where threats to the peace can be dealt with thanks to non-military measures, such as sanctions. These measures can be found in Article 41 of the UN Charter, their function is to pressure countries that threaten international peace and security, to correct their policies without engaging in an armed conflict. Sanctions themselves have evolved, from comprehensive sanctions, which target the State as a whole, to targeted or smart sanctions, which are aimed more specifically at groups or individuals. The shift to targeted sanctions started with the UDHR of 1948, which placed emphasis on human rights. Issues were raised about the compatibility of achieving peace and security, and human rights (Tsagourias, 2013). The importance of human rights in the context of sanctions became even more striking in the 1990s, especially after the operations in Iraq, which caused suffering to thousands of ...